The Earth formed about 4.54 billion years ago. Geologists know this from measuring the decay of radioactive elements in lead ores preserved from the early Earth.
About 4.5 million years. We know this from a technique called radiometric dating, which measures the ratio of radioactive isotopes in rocks from the earth’s crust. As no rock can be older than the earth itself we therefore know that the earth has to be at least as old as the oldest rock!
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